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1. Associated Press, “Astronauts at Landmark opening,” Reno Gazette-Journal, July 01, 1969, 35. ↩︎
2. Earl Wilson, “It’s too hot for Landmark,” Reno Gazette-Journal, July 08, 1969, 17. ↩︎
3. Chris Chrystal, “Governor, Senators Join Vegans To Hail Grand Opening,” Las Vegas Sun, July 02, 1969, 1. ↩︎
4. Norm Clarke, “Hunt Bobo recalls Landmark opening, implosion,” Las Vegas Review-Journal, November 07, 2015. ↩︎
5. It has never been proven as to whether it was Hughes in the helicopter or not but given his peculiar nature and flair for extravagant stunts to keep away from the public, it certainly seems possible. ↩︎
6. Wilson, “It’s too hot for Landmark,” 17. ↩︎
7. Ralph Pearl, “Vegas Daze and Nights,” Las Vegas Sun, July 04, 1969, 3. ↩︎
8. K.J. Evans, “Howard Hughes,” Las Vegas Review-Journal, February 07, 1999. ↩︎
9. Associated Press, “$5.5 million asked in suit against Hughes,” Reno Gazette-Journal, October 04, 1967, 2. ↩︎
10. Sun Realty v. Eighth Judicial Dist. Ct., Cty. of Clark, 542 P.2d 1072 (1975). ↩︎
11. “Country Gaining in Las Vegas Hotels,” Billboard, February 06, 1971, 28. ↩︎
12. Associated Press, “Landmark Hotel to expand in Las Vegas,” Reno Gazette-Journal, April 20, 1971, 22. ↩︎
13. “Salinan gambling that Vegas hotel-casino can turn a profit,” The Salinan Journal, February 28, 1978, 8. ↩︎
14. Albert R. Broccoli, When the Snow Melts: The Autobiography of Cubby Broccoli (London: Boxtree Ltd., 1999). ↩︎
15. Broccoli, “When the Snow Melts.” ↩︎
16. “Vegas hotel opens as world’s largest,” The Kokomo Tribune, June 01, 1990, 16. ↩︎
17. “Vegas Landmark Opens a Disco,” Billboard, February 08, 1975, 74. ↩︎
18. “Las Vegas’ Landmark Sets A Disco Record For First,” Billboard, February 22, 1975, 4. ↩︎
19. United Press International, “Las Vegas Jarred By Strike,” The Daily Herald, March 12, 1976, 17. ↩︎
20. United Press International, “Casino Strike Over,” Desert Sun, March 27, 1976, sec. A. ↩︎
21. Evans, “Howard Hughes.” ↩︎
22. Rick Hackman, “To Survive Summa Must Sell,” Las Vegas Sun, May 04, 1977, 1. ↩︎
23. “Frontier Union Plans Detailed,” Las Vegas Sun, August 24, 1977, 4. ↩︎
24. Wade Cavanaugh and Mary Manning, “Generator Exhaust Found As Hotel Disaster Cause,” Las Vegas Sun, July 16, 1977, 1. ↩︎
25. “Exhaust Line Defect Cause Of Hotel Gas,” Las Vegas Sun, July 21, 1977, 7. ↩︎
26. Sharon Spigelmyer, “Heavy Carbon Monoxide In Hotel Guests,” Las Vegas Sun, July 16, 1977, 9. ↩︎
27. Cavanaugh, “Generator Exhaust Found,” 1. ↩︎
28. Cavanaugh. ↩︎
29. United Press International, “News Crew Claims They Were Beaten At Landmark Hotel,” The Daily Herald, July 17, 1977, 18. ↩︎
30. United Press International. ↩︎
31. United Press International. ↩︎
32. Harold Hyman, “$12 Million Offered For Landmark,” Las Vegas Sun, October 19, 1977, 1. ↩︎
33. Harold Hyman, “Ohio Man Negotiating To Buy Landmark Hotel,” Las Vegas Sun, October 12, 1977, 1. ↩︎
34. Harold Hyman, “Ohio Man Negotiating.” ↩︎
35. Harold Hyman, “Landmark Sale Decision Delayed By Summa Execs,” Las Vegas Sun, October 20, 1977, 6. ↩︎
36. Harold Hyman, “Summa Gets $16 Mil. Cash Offer For Hotel,” Las Vegas Sun, October 21, 1977, 3. ↩︎
37. Harold Hyman, “Landmark Sale Decision Delayed.” ↩︎
38. Gary Ebbels, “Landmark ‘buyer’ phony sheik,” Las Vegas Review-Journal, October 20, 1977. ↩︎
39. Jeff Adler, “Tower Fire Clears Out Landmark,” Las Vegas Sun, October 24, 1977, 1. ↩︎
40. Adler, “Tower Fire.” ↩︎
41. “Landmark Hotel Fire Caused By Cigarette,” Las Vegas Sun, October 25, 1977, 4. ↩︎
42. Irene Dunne, “Tennis Talk,” Las Vegas Sun, December 28, 1977, 27. ↩︎
43. Associated Press, “Summa Corp. sells famed Landmark Hotel,” Reno Gazette-Journal, January 13, 1978, 13. ↩︎
44. “Salinan gambling.” ↩︎
45. “Salinan gambling.” ↩︎
46. Associated Press, “Landmark investors get license approval,” Reno Gazette-Journal, October 20, 1978, 33. ↩︎
47. “Salinan gambling.” ↩︎
48. Associated Press, “Landmark casino set to reopen,” Reno Gazette-Journal, June 01, 1978, 34. ↩︎
49. Associated Press, “Summa says it made no promises in Landmark sale,” Reno Gazette-Journal, November 11, 1986, 32. ↩︎
50. “Casino Hotel Manager,” Ebony, April 1979, 7. ↩︎
51. Faye Todd, “Faye Todd oral history interview,” OH-01832, [Transcript] Oral History Research Center, Special Collections and Archives, University Libraries, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, October 15, 1996. ↩︎
52. Todd. ↩︎
53. Associated Press, “‘Toy Let’ canned,” Reno Gazette-Journal, December 13, 1979, 18. ↩︎
54. Associated Press, “Kansan can thank Las Vegas: $7.77 idea turns into $5 million enterprise,” Fort Lauderdale News, April 12, 1980, 47. ↩︎
55. MGM Grand was renamed Bally’s in 1986 and Horseshoe in 2023. A new MGM Grand was constructed further down the street in 1993. ↩︎
56. “Martin Stern Architectural Records, 1950-1990,” MS-00382, Special Collections and Archives, University Libraries, University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Las Vegas, Nevada. ↩︎
57. Stern, MS-00382. ↩︎
58. Wolfram v. Commissioner, 54 T.C.M. 266 (1987). ↩︎
59. Todd, “oral history interview.” ↩︎
60. Steven McCann, “Landmark opens “Spellcaster” featuring Roy Clayborne,” Arizona Republic, October 17, 1982, 95. ↩︎
61. Associated Press, “Indictment charges money siphoned from brokerage used to buy casino,” Reno Gazette-Journal, April 06, 1983, 7. ↩︎
62. Homer Brickey, “Wolfram on way back to hometown,” The Blade, February 9, 2003. ↩︎
63. United Press International, “Attorney gets state OK to buy Landmark,” Reno Gazette-Journal, August 26, 1983, 26. ↩︎
64. “Casino Show’s Closing Draws Suit From Cast,” The Toledo Blade, May 10, 1983, 17. ↩︎
65. Associated Press, “Special trustee approved for Landmark,” Reno Gazette-Journal, February 18, 1983, 8. ↩︎
66. Associated Press, “Deal in the works to purchase hotel,” Reno Gazette-Journal, July 21, 1983, 31. ↩︎
67. Robert Macy, “Gaming Whiz Turns Failure Into Success,” The Palm Beach Post, December 24, 1983, 96. ↩︎
68. United Press International, “Attorney gets state OK,” 26. ↩︎
69. United Press International, “Part owner sues to prevent sale,” The Bryan Times, August 03, 1983, 8. ↩︎
70. IN RE BELL & BECKWITH, 68 B.R. 557 (1986). ↩︎
71. “Landmark Hotel is receiving facelift,” Arizona Republic, December 04, 1983, 122. ↩︎
72. “Landmark Hotel is receiving facelift.” ↩︎
73. “Homer Rissman Architectural Records,” MS-00452, Special Collections and Archives, University Libraries, University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Las Vegas, Nevada. ↩︎
74. “William and Vivienne Morris,” Reno Gazette-Journal, October 18, 1984, 100. ↩︎
75. “Landmark Hotel is receiving facelift.” ↩︎
76. Myram Borders, “Landmark Hotel’s Morris seeking to abandon union labor contracts,” Reno Gazette-Journal, January 24, 1986, 30. ↩︎
77. Myram Borders, “Strike ends on Las Vegas ‘strip’,” United Press International, June 15, 1984. ↩︎
78. “Homer Rissman Architectural Records.” ↩︎
79. United Press International, “Fire worry closes Vegas hotel tower,” Reno Gazette-Journal, July 17, 1985, 29. ↩︎
80. Associated Press, “Landmark Hotel seeks Chapter 11 protection,” Reno Gazette-Journal, August 01, 1985, 31. ↩︎
81. “Bankruptcy forced, says casino owner,” Reno Gazette-Journal, August 02, 1985, 28. ↩︎
82. Associated Press, “Landmark Hotel seeks Chapter 11.” ↩︎
83. “Bankruptcy forced, says casino owner.” ↩︎
84. IN RE LANDMARK HOTEL & CASINO, INC., 78 B.R. 575 (1987). ↩︎
85. Borders, “Landmark Hotel’s Morris,” 30. ↩︎
86. IN RE LANDMARK HOTEL & CASINO, INC. ↩︎
87. “Vegas hotel fire was arson,” Reno Gazette-Journal, January 14, 1987, 1. ↩︎
88. Associated Press, “Fires may have been set by arsonist,” Reno Gazette-Journal, January 15, 1987, 25. ↩︎
89. LLOYDS BANK PLC v. STATE, EMP. SEC. DEP’T., 864 P.2d 298 (1993). ↩︎
90. “Melinda continues Landmark shows during the summer,” The Los Angeles Times, June 26, 1988. ↩︎
91. “Melinda has a bag of tricks for Landmark,” The Los Angeles Times, May 22, 1988. ↩︎
92. Angela D. Blessing and Ned Geeslin, “Melinda Saxe, Who Levitates Toward Magic’s Highest Realm,” People Weekly, September 05, 1988, 138. ↩︎
93. “Melinda has a bag of tricks.” ↩︎
94. “Melinda’s magic showcased nightly,” The Los Angeles Times, February 19, 1989, 443. ↩︎
95. “Melinda’s ‘Mystery of Malaquena’ truly unique,” Arizona Republic, May 28, 1989, 81. ↩︎
96. Associated Press, “Landmark Hotel begins shutting down tables,” The Daily Spectrum, August 07, 1990, 2. ↩︎
97. Associated Press, “$35.5 million offer accepted for Landmark sale,” Reno Gazette-Journal, July 03, 1990, B. ↩︎
98. Associated Press, “$35.5 million offer accepted.” ↩︎
99. Associated Press, “Landmark Hotel begins shutting.” ↩︎
100. Associated Press, “Landmark Hotel begins shutting.” ↩︎
101. “Vegas’ Landmark finds no buyers,” The San Bernardino County Sun, August 07, 1990, 16. ↩︎
102. “Landmark Hotel in court,” Reno Gazette-Journal, August 13, 1990, 9. ↩︎
103. Associated Press, “Landmark Hotel begins shutting.” ↩︎

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